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Disorders
By Parman Johnson
Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID) is a mental health condition that includes the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states. There are specific qualities that must be present in a person diagnosed with DID. The behavior of the person must be completely controlled by at least two of the personalities. A person with DID also cannot remember significant personal information that is too extensive to be explained by ordinary forgetfulness. Another specific criteria for DID is that personality disturbance is not caused by the direct physiological effects of a substance. Each specific personality has its own distinct perception of its environment, and interacts differently. DID is not merely someone possessing different personality traits. For example, moodiness is not a symptom of DID. Blackouts and/or chaotic behavior during alcohol intoxication does not account for DID; general medical conditions such as complex partial seizures do not diagnose someone with DID either, and children who have imaginary playmates do not necessarily have DID since fantasizing is a normal childhood behavior. The cause of Dissociative Identity Disorder is unknown, but many theories have emerged from recent studies. Traumatic experiences such as sexual, physical, and/or psychological abuse during childhood may induce an individual to develop DID. A person with this disorder creates another personality as a defense mechanism, and the memories of the trauma and feelings about the experience are placed into the subconscious and are experienced in the future in the form of an independent identity. The affected individual may also use this form of coping mechanism subconsciously in the future when faced with stressful situations; therefore, the appearances of the non-dominant personalities are unpredictable.
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